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Mapping Forest Landscape Patterns

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Mapping Forest Landscape Patterns
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17 184,00 JPY
Typical price741,63 PLN
Lowest (90 days)87,50 PLN
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Last updatedمنذ 3 أيام
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2026-08-08 2026-08-15
سجل الأسعار
تاريخ التحديثالسعر
2026-08-0887,50
2026-08-1587,50
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SP SpringerNatureLink Shop INT 17 159,00 JPY 25,00 JPY 17 184,00 JPY متوفر منذ 3 أيام View offer
SP Springer Nature Author 17 159,00 JPY free 17 159,00 JPY متوفر منذ أسبوع View offer
SP SpringerNatureLink Shop INT 169,99 USD 19,00 USD 188,99 USD متوفر منذ 4 أيام View offer
SP SpringerNatureLink Shop INT 199,99 USD 19,00 USD 218,99 USD متوفر منذ 3 أيام View offer
SP SpringerNatureLink Shop INT 199,99 USD 29,00 USD 228,99 USD متوفر منذ 3 أيام View offer
SP SpringerNatureLink Shop INT 186,99 EUR 19,00 EUR 205,99 EUR متوفر منذ 3 أيام View offer

قد تتغيّر الأسعار والتوفر. آخر تحديث: 15.08.2026 06:37.

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This book explores the concepts, premises, advancements, and challenges in quantifying natural forest landscape patterns through mapping techniques. After several decades of development and use, these tools can now be examined for their foundations, intentions, scope, advancements, and limitations. When applied to natural forest landscapes, mapping techniques must address concepts such as stochasticity, heterogeneity, scale dependence, non-Euclidean geometry, continuity, non-linearity, and parsimony, as well as be explicit about the intended degree of abstraction and assumptions. These studies focus on quantifying natural (i.e., non-human engineered) forest landscape patterns, because those patterns are not planned, are relatively complex, and pose the greatest challenges in cartography, and landscape representation for further interpretation and analysis.

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