Laboratory Exercises in Identification of Organic Compounds

INTRODUCTORY WORD ACKNOWLEDGEMENT INTRODUCTION SAFETY ISSUES 1 DETERMINATION OF MASS AND MOLAR REFRACTION 2 DENSITY DETERMINATION 3 IDENTIFYING OF A SOLUBILITY GROUP 4 COMBUSTION TEST 5 FUSION WITH SODIUM TESTS (test for heteroatoms) 6 TURIN DETERMINATION OF ORGANIC CARBON CONTENTS (organic compounds) 7 DISTINCTION BETWEEN SATURATED AND UNSATURATED ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS (hydrocarbons) 8 REACTION WITH BROMINE WATER (alkenes, alkynes, phenols, anilines) 9 BAEYER TEST (alkenes, alkynes, phenols) 10 REACTION WITH SODIUM (active hydrogen detection) 11 TEST WITH SOLUTION OF IODINE (unsaturated compounds, compounds containing oxygen atoms) 12 ALUMINIUM CHLORIDE IN CHLOROFORM TEST (aromatic compounds) 13 FUMING SULPHURIC ACID TEST (aromatic compounds) 14 TEST WITH SILVER NITRATE SOLUTION (alkyl halides, acyl halides, carboxylic acids, sulphonic acids, chlorides of sulphonic acids) 15 TEST WITH SODIUM IODIDE SOLUTION (alkyl, sulphonyl, acyl, allyl, and benzyl halides) 16 ACETYL CHLORIDE TEST (alcohols, amines) 17 JONES REAGENT TEST (alcohols, aldehydes, enols) 18 LUCAS TEST (difference of 1˚, 2˚ and 3˚ alcohols) 19 CONCENTRATED HYDROCHLORIC ACID TEST (tertiary alcohols) 20 IODOFORM TEST (aldehydres, kethones, alcohols having a ch3 group in an α- position in relation to the carbonyl group) 21 TEST WITH IRON (III) CHLORIDE SOLUTION (phenols and enols) 22 LIEBERMANN TEST (phenol) 23 PHOSPHORUS(V) CHLORIDE TEST (alcohols, phenols and carboxylic acids) 24 ESTRIFICATION OF ACETIC ACID