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Computing with Words

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Computing with Words
Lowest price (incl. delivery)
79,99 USD
Typical price537,56 PLN
Lowest (90 days)43,99 PLN
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Last updated1 सप्ताह पहले
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Price history (90 days)
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2026-08-08 2026-08-15
मूल्य इतिहास
अपडेट किया गयाकीमत
2026-08-0853,49
2026-08-1443,99
2026-08-1553,49
विक्रेता Product price Delivery कुल उपलब्धता Updated
SP SpringerNatureLink Shop INT 64,99 USD 15,00 USD 79,99 USD उपलब्ध एक दिन पहले View offer
SP SpringerNatureLink Shop INT 64,99 USD 29,00 USD 93,99 USD उपलब्ध एक दिन पहले View offer
SP SpringerNatureLink Shop INT 69,99 USD 15,00 USD 84,99 USD उपलब्ध एक दिन पहले View offer
SP SpringerNatureLink Shop INT 69,99 USD 29,00 USD 98,99 USD उपलब्ध एक दिन पहले View offer
SP SpringerNatureLink Shop INT 77,00 EUR free 77,00 EUR उपलब्ध एक दिन पहले View offer
SP SpringerNatureLink Shop INT 14 299,00 JPY 25,00 JPY 14 324,00 JPY उपलब्ध एक दिन पहले View offer
SP Springer Nature Author 14 299,00 JPY free 14 299,00 JPY उपलब्ध 1 सप्ताह पहले View offer
SP SpringerNatureLink Shop INT 99,99 USD 25,00 USD 124,99 USD उपलब्ध एक दिन पहले View offer
SP SpringerNatureLink Shop INT 109,99 USD free 109,99 USD उपलब्ध एक दिन पहले View offer
SP SpringerNatureLink Shop INT 109,99 USD 25,00 USD 134,99 USD उपलब्ध एक दिन पहले View offer
SP SpringerNatureLink Shop INT 118,00 EUR 15,00 EUR 133,00 EUR उपलब्ध एक दिन पहले View offer

कीमतें और उपलब्धता बदल सकती हैं। अंतिम अपडेट: 08.08.2026 22:00.

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In essence, Computing with Words (CWW) is a system of computation in which the objects of computation are predominantly words, phrases and propositions drawn from a natural language. CWW is based on fuzzy logic. In science there is a deep-seated tradition of according much more respect to numbers than to words. In a fundamental way, CWW is a challenge to this tradition. What is not widely recognized is that, today, words are used in place of numbers in a wide variety of applications ranging from digital cameras and household appliances to fraud detection systems, biomedical instrumentation and subway trains.  CWW offers a unique capability—the capability to precisiate natural language. Unprecisiated (raw) natural language cannot be computed with. A key concept which underlies precisiation of meaning is that of the meaning postulate: A proposition, p, is a restriction on the values which a variable, X—a variable which is implicit in p—is allowed to take. CWW has an important ramification for mathematics. Addition of the formalism of CWW to mathematics empowers mathematics to construct mathematical solutions of computational problems which are stated in a natural language. Traditional mathematics does not have this capability.

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